Archaeologists also play a role in preservation of artifacts. Since artworks can be made out of many different mediums archaeologists have to take multiple conservation methods. Lighting on certain objects can play a role in preserving items and should be taken into consideration. Too much light can damage photographs, printed work, textiles, and many more items. Items like this should never be placed in direct sunlight or fluorescent lighting or an extended period of time. Temperature can also play a role in the integrity of an object. Too high or too low of temperature and constant/rapid changes in temperature can cause damage to rubber, woods, and metals. Humidity also needs t o be controlled to help deter pests and mold growth on paper and rust on metals. One of the greatest threats to an artifact is human interactions. Archaeologists need to take great care when handling objects and take precautionary measures. Gloves should be worn to protect for oils on our skin, sweat, and other residue.
Since many archaeological sites and artworks can be outdoors like architecture archaeologists also take preventive measures there as well. In 1966 the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) was enacted to help with archaeological conversation. This act allowed archaeologists to request protection from their state’s State Historic Preservation Office. Section 106 plays a major role in most projects. This section’s goal is to ensure agencies consult with the respective parties and evaluate the archaeological site. After doing so the site may receive some federal funding for the proposed project. It is important to note that section 106 does not mandate conversation. There are times when a proposed project cannot undergo in favor of preservation. A federal agency will evaluate and make an informed decision whether to deny, approve, and change the project. There are still some times when the only way to complete a project is with the destruction on the property.
If you have any comments or suggestions for future blog posts let me know!
Arch-Admin2014 How Archaeological Sites Are Preserved. Archaeological Conservancy. https://www.archaeologicalconservancy.org/how-archaeological-sites-are-preserved/, accessed October 22, 2019.
Preservation of Artifacts: The National WWII Museum: New Orleans The National WWII Museum | New Orleans. https://www.nationalww2museum.org/preservation-artifacts, accessed October 20, 2019.
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